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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Ensemble interpretation ： ウィキペディア英語版 Ensemble interpretation The ensemble interpretation, or statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics, is an interpretation that can be viewed as a minimalist interpretation; it is a quantum mechanical interpretation that claims to make the fewest assumptions associated with the standard mathematical formalization. At its heart, it takes to the fullest extent the statistical interpretation of Max Born for which he won the Nobel Prize in Physics.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics )〕 The interpretation states that the wave function does not apply to an individual system – or for example, a single particle – but is an abstract mathematical, statistical quantity that only applies to an ensemble of similarly prepared systems or particles. Probably the most notable supporter of such an interpretation was Albert Einstein: To date, probably the most prominent advocate of the ensemble interpretation is Leslie E. Ballentine, Professor at Simon Fraser University, and writer of the graduate-level textbook "Quantum Mechanics, A Modern Development". The ensemble interpretation, unlike many other interpretations of quantum mechanics, does not attempt to justify, or otherwise derive, or explain quantum mechanics from any deterministic process, or make any other statement about the real nature of quantum phenomena; it is simply a statement as to the manner of wave function interpretation. ==Meaning of "Ensemble" and "System"== The "ensemble" of the ensemble interpretation is identified by an ensemble of setting up and performing the (essentially) same experiment many times. This is referred to as an ensemble of systems. According to Ballentine, the distinguishing difference between the Copenhagen interpretation (CI) and the ensemble interpretation (EI) is the following: CI: A pure state $|y\backslash rangle$ provides a complete and exhaustive description on an individual system. A dynamical variable represented by the operators $\backslash operatorname$ has a value ($q$, say) if and only if $\backslash operatorname|y\backslash rangle=q|y\backslash rangle$. EI: A pure state describes the statistical properties of an ensemble of similarly prepared systems. Ballentine emphasis that the meaning of the "Quantum State" or "State Vector" may be described, essentially, by a one to one correspondence to the probability distributions of measurement results, not the individual measurement results themselves.〔Quantum Mechanics, A Modern Development, p.48〕 For example: :$|\; \backslash psi\; \backslash rangle\; =\; a|\backslash chi\_1\; \backslash rangle\; +\; b|\backslash chi\_2\backslash rangle$ Specifies that a mixed state is a description only of the probabilities, $\backslash mathcal(\backslash chi\_1)$ and $\backslash mathcal(\backslash chi\_2)$ of positions, not a description of actual individual positions. That is, $a|\backslash chi\_1\; \backslash rangle\; \backslash rightarrow\; \backslash mathcal(\backslash chi\_1)$ and not $a|\backslash chi\_1\; \backslash rangle\; \backslash rightarrow\; \backslash chi\_1$. In this way it is noted that a mixed state is a mixture of probabilities of physical states, not a mixture of actual physical states. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ensemble interpretation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.